Resumo: É comum a literatura secundária reduzir o ensaio kantiano Do Primeiro Princípio da Diferença das Regiões no Espaço a um ataque à concepção leibniziana de espaço relativo em defesa da concepção newtoniana de espaço absoluto. Até que ponto, porém, essa imagem não é obstáculo para compreender o Ensaio como um todo e o alcance de sua reflexão? A pergunta se impõe, porque não é claro o que o Ensaio pretende provar, uma vez que propõe quatro diferentes formulações de uma (...) prova que denomina evidente. Tampouco é claro, por isso mesmo, como pretende conduzir a demonstração segundo o método que denomina a posteriori. Para compreender o Ensaio, é necessário entender qual é o objetivo último da prova e o método de demonstração. Dessa investigação decorrem alguns pontos, de outro modo, insuspeitos: (1) Kant critica não apenas a concepção de espaço leibniziana, mas também princípios adotados pelos leibnizianos, em particular, o princípio de determinação completa como princípio de individuação para as coisas em geral; (2) o Ensaio propõe uma concepção inaudita de espaço absoluto como: conceito, radicado no corpo humano e primeiro fundamento das relações espaciais e de sua cognição; (3) assim entendido, o Ensaio kantiano mostra-se, do ponto de vista genético, estratégico para tornar compreensível a concepção, introduzida pela Estética Transcendental da Crítica da Razão Pura, de aparecimento (Erscheinung) como objeto indeterminado da intuição empírica. Palavras-chave: Kant; Leibniz; Baumgarten; Espaço; Princípio de determinação completa. Transcendental Aesthetic and the 1768 Essay: Space and Complete Determination Abstract: It is common for secondary literature to reduce Kant's 1768 essay On the First Ground of the Difference of Regions in Space to an attack on the Leibnizian conception of relative space in defense of the Newtonian conception of absolute space. To what extent, however, is this picture an obstacle to understanding the essay as a whole and the scope of its reflection? The question arises because it is not clear what the essay intends to prove, since it proposes four different formulations of a proof that it calls evident. Nor is it clear, therefore, how Kant’s essay intends to conduct the demonstration according to its a posteriori method. To understand Kant's argument, it is necessary to determine the ultimate objective of his proof and his method of demonstration. Some otherwise unsuspected points arise from this investigation: (1) Kant criticizes not only the conception of relative space but also the Leibnizian principle of thoroughgoing determination as a principle of individuation for things in general; (2) Kant proposes an unprecedented conception of absolute space as a fundamental concept, rooted in the human body, as the first ground of spatial relations and its cognition; (3) the Kant’s essay appears, from a genetic point of view, strategic to make comprehensible the conception introduced by the Transcendental Aesthetics of the Critique of Pure Reason, of appearance as an indeterminate object of empirical intuition. Keywords: Kant; Leibniz; Baumgarten; Space; Principle of thoroughgoing determination. Estética transcendental y el Ensayo de 1768: espacio y determinación completa Resumen: Es común en la literatura secundaria reducir el ensayo kantiano Del Primer Fundamento de la Diferencia de las Regiones del Espacio a un ataque a la concepción leibniziana de espacio relativo en defensa de la concepción newtoniana de espacio absoluto ¿Hasta qué punto, pero, esa imagen no es obstáculo para la comprensión del Ensayo en general y el alcance de su reflexión? La pregunta se impone, porque no es claro lo que el Ensayo pretende comprobar, una vez que propone cuatro diferentes formulaciones de una prueba que denomina evidente. Tampoco es nítido, por eso incluso, cómo pretende conducir la demostración, según el método que denomina a posteriori. Para comprender el Ensayo, es necesario entender cuál es el objetivo último de la prueba y el método de demostración. De esa investigación decurren algunos puntos, de otro modo, insospechados: (1) Kant critica no solamente la concepción de espacio leibniziana, sino también los principios adoptados por los leibnizianos, en particular el principio de determinación completa como: principio de individuación para las cosas en general; (2) el Ensayo propone una concepción inaudita de espacio absoluto como: concepto, radicado en el cuerpo humano y el primer fundamento de las relaciones espaciales y de su cognición; (3) de ese modo, el Ensayo kantiano se muestra, del punto de vista genético, estratégico para que se vuelva comprensible la concepción, introducida por la Estética Transcendental de la Crítica de la Razón Pura, de aparecimiento (Erscheinung) como objeto indeterminado de la intuición empírica. Palabras-clave: Kant; Leibniz; Baumgarten; Espacio; Principio de determinación completa. Data de registro: 30/07/2024 Data de aceite: 30/10/2024. (shrink)

Je me propose d'examiner les paragraphes 18 et 19 de la deuxième partie des Prolégomènes. Bien que ces deux paragraphes ne constituent pas l'intégralité de la déduction transcendantale des Prolégomènes, ils ont une fonction essentielle dans la mesure où ils exposent l’argument entier in nuce. Ces deux sections établissent de façon claire que la doctrine de l'idéalisme critique, présentée dans la première partie des Prolégomènes comme un idéalisme qui ne supprime pas « l'existence de la chose qui apparaît », joue (...) un rôle indispensable dans la déduction transcendantale, qui est présentée dans la deuxième partie à partir de la distinction entre jugement de perception et jugement d'expérience. (shrink)

Como entender o “idealismo alemão”? Propõe-se aqui, a partir do choque entrealgumas posições sobre a filosofia kantiana (sobretudo em Schopenhauer e em Schelling),antes do que uma resposta, articular alguns problemas em torno do “idealismo alemão”,procurando pensar, assim, tanto a ambigüidade deste recorte como operador heurísticoquanto a abertura possível para um campo de questões sobre a atividade filosófica e o seu(não) fundamento.

Este artigo disserta, sob o ponto de vista dos estudos de ‘exegese bíblica’, sobre um antigo e intrincado conceito que foi transmitido ao Cristianismo Primitivo, no primeiro século cristão, pela tradição hebraica, através da famosa tradução da “Septuaginta”, no IV século a.C. no Egito Ptolomaico, onde vivia e rezava uma grande Comunidade Judaico-Helenista. A Verdade’ constituiu-se um conceito-chave para as experiências religiosas desde o Mito até as mais sofisticadas pretensões de revelação divina, como o Judaísmo, o Cristianismo e o Islamismo. (...) Enfocamos aqui, em particular, a proximidade semântica destes ambientes helenizados na ‘Ásia Menor’ com a terminologia utilizada nos textos das Tradições de S.Paulo e, especialmente de S.João (Evangelho e Cartas), que relacionam Cristo, Espírito e Igreja ao âmbito da ‘verdade’. (shrink)

The Current research seeks the study of the identity relationships in the early Christianity starting from the reception of Elements of the Religious Hellenism. These confluences advents previously of the relationships with the Judaism of Diaspora, in Egito Ptolomaico (LXX. séc. IV a.C), they are consolidated with the formation geopolitics and religious person of the Expansion of the Christianity in Minor Asia, during IIo Century. Through the exhibition of ‘The Religious Context of Early Christianity’ (KLAUS, 2000) we will approach Hellenistic’s (...) Religion vicissitudes in mutation between the Philosophy of the Happiness and ‘the Return of the Divine Absolute’ in Gnosticism. (shrink)

SÍNTESE - Descartes ao compor o seu Discurso do Método nos apresenta os quatro preceitos do método que é o modo de bem conduzir a razão. Estes quatro preceitos, a evidência, a divisão, a condução em ordem dos pensamentos do simples ao complexo e por fim fazer as enumerações completas e revisões, são capazes, como instrumento, de levar seu espirita à conquista da verdade. Pois são regras fáceis que tomam impossível tomar o falso por verdadeiro. E são exatamente quatro porque (...) devem ser poucas as regras para de fato serem cumprídas. É neste sentido que este pequeno artigo desenvolve os quatro preceitos do Discurso do Método de Descartes. (shrink)

St. Augustine doesn't see in the crisis of the Pagan City the simple occasion of revenge, but the 'kairós' of an innovation that emerges among 'debris'. Without needing from the resource to the 'Phoenix', the Christian truth of the eternity, for Christ's Resurrection, communicates to the time limited and not repeat a new horizon. This 'new times' is apt to cross the things street and mutants, and so, the own 'death of the city' does not determine more 'death of man'. (...) The inspiration of The City of God is not a political projection in the way that we know in classical grec-latin culture. In the 'De Civitate Dei', on the contrary, Saint Augustine serves the Christian faith and of the Gospel to explain this mission of the city of God peregrine in time. (shrink)

Table of contentsI1 Proceedings of the 4th World Conference on Research IntegrityConcurrent Sessions:1. Countries' systems and policies to foster research integrityCS01.1 Second time around: Implementing and embedding a review of responsible conduct of research policy and practice in an Australian research-intensive universitySusan Patricia O'BrienCS01.2 Measures to promote research integrity in a university: the case of an Asian universityDanny Chan, Frederick Leung2. Examples of research integrity education programmes in different countriesCS02.1 Development of a state-run “cyber education program of research ethics” in (...) KoreaEun Jung Ko, Jin Sun Kwak, TaeHwan Gwon, Ji Min Lee, Min-Ho LeeCS02.3 Responsible conduct of research teachers’ training courses in Germany: keeping on drilling through hard boards for more RCR teachersHelga Nolte, Michael Gommel, Gerlinde Sponholz3. The research environment and policies to encourage research integrityCS03.1 Challenges and best practices in research integrity: bridging the gap between policy and practiceYordanka Krastev, Yamini Sandiran, Julia Connell, Nicky SolomonCS03.2 The Slovenian initiative for better research: from national activities to global reflectionsUrsa Opara Krasovec, Renata SribarCS03.3 Organizational climate assessments to support research integrity: background of the Survey of Organizational Research Climate and the experience with its use at Michigan State UniversityBrian C. Martinson, Carol R. Thrush, C.K. Gunsalus4. Expressions of concern and retractionsCS04.1 Proposed guidelines for retraction notices and their disseminationIvan Oransky, Adam MarcusCS04.2 Watching retractions: analysis of process and practice, with data from the Wiley retraction archivesChris Graf, Verity Warne, Edward Wates, Sue JoshuaCS04.3 An exploratory content analysis of Expressions of ConcernMiguel RoigCS04.4 An ethics researcher in the retraction processMichael Mumford5. Funders' role in fostering research integrityCS05.1 The Fonds de Recherche du Québec’s institutional rules on the responsible conduct of research: introspection in the funding agency activitiesMylène Deschênes, Catherine Olivier, Raphaëlle Dupras-LeducCS05.2 U.S. Public Health Service funds in an international setting: research integrity and complianceZoë Hammatt, Raju Tamot, Robin Parker, Cynthia Ricard, Loc Nguyen-Khoa, Sandra TitusCS05.3 Analyzing decision making of funders of public research as a case of information asymmetryKarsten Klint JensenCS05.4 Research integrity management: Empirical investigation of academia versus industrySimon Godecharle, Ben Nemery, Kris Dierickx5A: Education: For whom, how, and what?CS05A.1 Research integrity or responsible conduct of research? What do we aim for?Mickey Gjerris, Maud Marion Laird Eriksen, Jeppe Berggren HoejCS05A.2 Teaching and learning about RCR at the same time: a report on Epigeum’s RCR poll questions and other assessment activitiesNicholas H. SteneckCS05A.4 Minding the gap in research ethics education: strategies to assess and improve research competencies in community health workers/promoteresCamille Nebeker, Michael Kalichman, Elizabeth Mejia Booen, Blanca Azucena Pacheco, Rebeca Espinosa Giacinto, Sheila Castaneda6. Country examples of research reward systems and integrityCS06.1 Improving systems to promote responsible research in the Chinese Academy of SciencesDing Li, Qiong Chen, Guoli Zhu, Zhonghe SunCS06.4 Exploring the perception of research integrity amongst public health researchers in IndiaParthasarathi Ganguly, Barna Ganguly7. Education and guidance on research integrity: country differencesCS07.1 From integrity to unity: how research integrity guidance differs across universities in Europe.Noémie Aubert Bonn, Kris Dierickx, Simon GodecharleCS07.2 Can education and training develop research integrity? The spirit of the UNESCO 1974 recommendation and its updatingDaniele Bourcier, Jacques Bordé, Michèle LeducCS07.3 The education and implementation mechanisms of research ethics in Taiwan's higher education: an experience in Chinese web-based curriculum development for responsible conduct of researchChien Chou, Sophia Jui-An PanCS07.4 Educating principal investigators in Swiss research institutions: present and future perspectivesLouis Xaver Tiefenauer8. Measuring and rewarding research productivityCS08.1 Altimpact: how research integrity underpins research impactDaniel Barr, Paul TaylorCS08.2 Publication incentives: just reward or misdirection of funds?Lyn Margaret HornCS08.3 Why Socrates never charged a fee: factors contributing to challenges for research integrity and publication ethicsDeborah Poff9. Plagiarism and falsification: Behaviour and detectionCS09.1 Personality traits predict attitude towards plagiarism of self and others in biomedicine: plagiarism, yes we can?Martina Mavrinac, Gordana Brumini, Mladen PetrovečkiCS09.2 Investigating the concept of and attitudes toward plagiarism for science teachers in Brazil: any challenges for research integrity and policy?Christiane Coelho Santos, Sonia VasconcelosCS09.3 What have we learnt?: The CrossCheck Service from CrossRefRachael LammeyCS09.4 High p-values as a sign of data fabrication/falsificationChris Hartgerink, Marcel van Assen, Jelte Wicherts10. Codes for research integrity and collaborationsCS10.1 Research integrity in cross-border cooperation: a Nordic exampleHanne Silje HaugeCS10.3 Research integrity, research misconduct, and the National Science Foundation's requirement for the responsible conduct of researchAaron MankaCS10.4 A code of conduct for international scientific cooperation: human rights and research integrity in scientific collaborations with international academic and industry partnersRaffael Iturrizaga11. Countries' efforts to establish mentoring and networksCS11.1 ENRIO : a network facilitating common approaches on research integrity in EuropeNicole FoegerCS11.2 Helping junior investigators develop in a resource-limited country: a mentoring program in PeruA. Roxana Lescano, Claudio Lanata, Gissella Vasquez, Leguia Mariana, Marita Silva, Mathew Kasper, Claudia Montero, Daniel Bausch, Andres G LescanoCS11.3 Netherlands Research Integrity Network: the first six monthsFenneke Blom, Lex BouterCS11.4 A South African framework for research ethics and integrity for researchers, postgraduate students, research managers and administratorsLaetus OK Lategan12. Training and education in research integrity at an early career stageCS12.1 Research integrity in curricula for medical studentsGustavo Fitas ManaiaCS12.2 Team-based learning for training in the responsible conduct of research supports ethical decision-makingWayne T. McCormack, William L. Allen, Shane Connelly, Joshua Crites, Jeffrey Engler, Victoria Freedman, Cynthia W. Garvan, Paul Haidet, Joel Hockensmith, William McElroy, Erik Sander, Rebecca Volpe, Michael F. VerderameCS12.4 Research integrity and career prospects of junior researchersSnezana Krstic13. Systems and research environments in institutionsCS13.1 Implementing systems in research institutions to improve quality and reduce riskLouise HandyCS13.2 Creating an institutional environment that supports research integrityDebra Schaller-DemersCS13.3 Ethics and Integrity Development Grants: a mechanism to foster cultures of ethics and integrityPaul Taylor, Daniel BarrCS13.4 A culture of integrity at KU LeuvenInge Lerouge, Gerard Cielen, Liliane Schoofs14. Peer review and its role in research integrityCS14.1 Peer review research across disciplines: transdomain action in the European Cooperation in Science and Technology “New Frontiers of Peer Review ”Ana Marusic, Flaminio SquazzoniCS14.2 Using blinding to reduce bias in peer reviewDavid VauxCS14.3 How to intensify the role of reviewers to promote research integrityKhalid Al-Wazzan, Ibrahim AlorainyCS14.4 Credit where credit’s due: professionalizing and rewarding the role of peer reviewerChris Graf, Verity Warne15. Research ethics and oversight for research integrity: Does it work?CS15.1 The psychology of decision-making in research ethics governance structures: a theory of bounded rationalityNolan O'Brien, Suzanne Guerin, Philip DoddCS15.2 Investigator irregularities: iniquity, ignorance or incompetence?Frank Wells, Catherine BlewettCS15.3 Academic plagiarismFredric M. Litto16. Research integrity in EuropeCS16.1 Whose responsibility is it anyway?: A comparative analysis of core concepts and practice at European research-intensive universities to identify and develop good practices in research integrityItziar De Lecuona, Erika Löfstrom, Katrien MaesCS16.2 Research integrity guidance in European research universitiesKris Dierickx, Noémie Bonn, Simon GodecharleCS16.3 Research Integrity: processes and initiatives in Science Europe member organisationsTony Peatfield, Olivier Boehme, Science Europe Working Group on Research IntegrityCS16.4 Promoting research integrity in Italy: the experience of the Research Ethics and Bioethics Advisory Committee of the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Cinzia Caporale, Daniele Fanelli17. Training programs for research integrity at different levels of experience and seniorityCS17.1 Meaningful ways to incorporate research integrity and the responsible conduct of research into undergraduate, graduate, postdoctoral and faculty training programsJohn Carfora, Eric Strauss, William LynnCS17.2 "Recognize, respond, champion": Developing a one-day interactive workshop to increase confidence in research integrity issuesDieter De Bruyn, Bracke Nele, Katrien De Gelder, Stefanie Van der BurghtCS17.4 “Train the trainer” on cultural challenges imposed by international research integrity conversations: lessons from a projectJosé Roberto Lapa e Silva, Sonia M. R. Vasconcelos18. Research and societal responsibilityCS18.1 Promoting the societal responsibility of research as an integral part of research integrityHelene IngierdCS18.2 Social responsibility as an ethical imperative for scientists: research, education and service to societyMark FrankelCS18.3 The intertwined nature of social responsibility and hope in scienceDaniel Vasgird, Stephanie BirdCS18.4 Common barriers that impede our ability to create a culture of trustworthiness in the research communityMark Yarborough19. Publication ethicsCS19.1 The authors' forum: A proposed tool to improve practices of journal editors and promote a responsible research environmentIbrahim Alorainy, Khalid Al-WazzanCS19.2 Quantifying research integrity and its impact with text analyticsHarold GarnerCS19.3 A closer look at authorship and publication ethics of multi- and interdisciplinary teamsLisa Campo-Engelstein, Zubin Master, Elise Smith, David Resnik, Bryn Williams-JonesCS19.4 Invisibility of duplicate publications in biomedicineMario Malicki, Ana Utrobicic, Ana Marusic20. The causes of bad and wasteful research: What can we do?CS20.1 From countries to individuals: unravelling the causes of bias and misconduct with multilevel meta-meta-analysisDaniele Fanelli, John PA IoannidisCS20.2 Reducing research waste by integrating systems of oversight and regulationGerben ter Riet, Tom Walley, Lex Marius BouterCS20.3 What are the determinants of selective reporting?: The example of palliative care for non-cancer conditionsJenny van der Steen, Lex BouterCS20.4 Perceptions of plagiarism, self-plagiarism and redundancy in research: preliminary results from a national survey of Brazilian PhDsSonia Vasconcelos, Martha Sorenson, Francisco Prosdocimi, Hatisaburo Masuda, Edson Watanabe, José Carlos Pinto, Marisa Palácios, José Lapa e Silva, Jacqueline Leta, Adalberto Vieyra, André Pinto, Mauricio Sant’Ana, Rosemary Shinkai21. Are there country-specific elements of misconduct?CS21.1 The battle with plagiarism in Russian science: latest developmentsBoris YudinCS21.2 Researchers between ethics and misconduct: A French survey on social representations of misconduct and ethical standards within the scientific communityEtienne Vergès, Anne-Sophie Brun-Wauthier, Géraldine VialCS21.3 Experience from different ways of dealing with research misconduct and promoting research integrity in some Nordic countriesTorkild VintherCS21.4 Are there specifics in German research misconduct and the ways to cope with it?Volker Bähr, Charité22. Research integrity teaching programmes and their challengesCS22.1 Faculty mentors and research integrityMichael Kalichman, Dena PlemmonsCS22.2 Training the next generation of scientists to use principles of research quality assurance to improve data integrity and reliabilityRebecca Lynn Davies, Katrina LaubeCS22.3 Fostering research integrity in a culturally-diverse environmentCynthia Scheopner, John GallandCS22.4 Towards a standard retraction formHervé Maisonneuve, Evelyne Decullier23. Commercial research and integrityCS23.1 The will to commercialize: matters of concern in the cultural economy of return-on-investment researchBrian NobleCS23.2 Quality in drug discovery data reporting: a mission impossible?Anja Gilis, David J. Gallacher, Tom Lavrijssen, Malwitz David, Malini Dasgupta, Hans MolsCS23.3 Instituting a research integrity policy in the context of semi-private-sector funding: an example in the field of occupational health and safetyPaul-Emile Boileau24. The interface of publication ethics and institutional policiesCS24.1 The open access ethical paradox in an open government effortTony SavardCS24.2 How journals and institutions can work together to promote responsible conductEric MahCS24.3 Improving cooperation between journals and research institutions in research integrity casesElizabeth Wager, Sabine Kleinert25. Reproducibility of research and retractionsCS25.1 Promoting transparency in publications to reduce irreproducibilityVeronique Kiermer, Andrew Hufton, Melanie ClyneCS25.2 Retraction notices issued for publications by Latin American authors: what lessons can we learn?Sonia Vasconcelos, Renan Moritz Almeida, Aldo Fontes-Pereira, Fernanda Catelani, Karina RochaCS25.3 A preliminary report of the findings from the Reproducibility Project: Cancer biologyElizabeth Iorns, William Gunn26. Research integrity and specific country initiativesCS26.1 Promoting research integrity at CNRS, FranceMichèle Leduc, Lucienne LetellierCS26.2 In pursuit of compliance: is the tail wagging the dog?Cornelia MalherbeCS26.3 Newly established research integrity policies and practices: oversight systems of Japanese research universitiesTakehito Kamata27. Responsible conduct of research and country guidelinesCS27.1 Incentives or guidelines? Promoting responsible research communication through economic incentives or ethical guidelines?Vidar EnebakkCS27.3 Responsible conduct of research: a view from CanadaLynn PenrodCS27.4 The Danish Code of Conduct for Research Integrity: a national initiative to promote research integrity in DenmarkThomas Nørgaard, Charlotte Elverdam28. Behaviour, trust and honestyCS28.1 The reasons behind non-ethical behaviour in academiaYves FassinCS28.2 The psychological profile of the dishonest scholarCynthia FekkenCS28.3 Considering the implications of Dan Ariely’s keynote speech at the 3rd World Conference on Research Integrity in MontréalJamal Adam, Melissa S. AndersonCS28.4 Two large surveys on psychologists’ views on peer review and replicationJelte WichertsBrett Buttliere29. Reporting and publication bias and how to overcome itCS29.1 Data sharing: Experience at two open-access general medical journalsTrish GrovesCS29.2 Overcoming publication bias and selective reporting: completing the published recordDaniel ShanahanCS29.3 The EQUATOR Network: promoting responsible reporting of health research studiesIveta Simera, Shona Kirtley, Eleana Villanueva, Caroline Struthers, Angela MacCarthy, Douglas Altman30. The research environment and its implications for integrityCS30.1 Ranking of scientists: the Russian experienceElena GrebenshchikovaCS30.4 From cradle to grave: research integrity, research misconduct and cultural shiftsBronwyn Greene, Ted RohrPARTNER SYMPOSIAPartner Symposium AOrganized by EQUATOR Network, Enhancing the Quality and Transparency of Health ResearchP1 Can we trust the medical research literature?: Poor reporting and its consequencesIveta SimeraP2 What can BioMed Central do to improve published research?Daniel Shanahan, Stephanie HarrimanP3 What can a "traditional" journal do to improve published research?Trish GrovesP4 Promoting good reporting practice for reliable and usable research papers: EQUATOR Network, reporting guidelines and other initiativesCaroline StruthersPartner Symposium COrganized by ENRIO, the European Network of Research Integrity OfficersP5 Transparency and independence in research integrity investigations in EuropeKrista Varantola, Helga Nolte, Ursa Opara, Torkild Vinther, Elizabeth Wager, Thomas NørgaardPartner Symposium DOrganized by IEEE, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics EngineersRe-educating our author community: IEEE's approach to bibliometric manipulation, plagiarism, and other inappropriate practicesP6 Dealing with plagiarism in the connected world: An Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers perspectiveJon RokneP7 Should evaluation of raises, promotion, and research proposals be tied to bibliometric indictors? What the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers is doing to answer this questionGianluca SettiP8 Recommended practices to ensure conference content qualityGordon MacPhersonPartner Symposium EOrganized by the Committee on Freedom and Responsibility in the Conduct of Science of ICSU, the International Council for ScienceResearch assessment and quality in science: perspectives from international science and policy organisationsP9 Challenges for science and the problems of assessing researchEllen HazelkornP10 Research assessment and science policy developmentCarthage SmithP11 Research integrity in South Africa: the value of procedures and processes to global positioningRobert H. McLaughlinP12 Rewards, careers and integrity: perspectives of young scientists from around the worldTatiana Duque MartinsPartner Symposium FOrganized by the Online Resource Center for Ethics Education in Engineering and Science / Center for Engineering, Ethics, and Society of the National Academy of EngineeringP13 Research misconduct: conceptions and policy solutionsTetsuya Tanimoto, Nicholas Steneck, Daniele Fanelli, Ragnvald Kalleberg, Tajammul HusseinPartner Symposium HOrganized by ORI, the Office of Research Integrity; Universitas 21; and the Asia Pacific Research Integrity NetworkP14 International integrity networks: working together to ensure research integrityPing Sun, Ovid Tzeng, Krista Varantola, Susan ZimmermanPartner Symposium IOrganized by COPE, the Committee on Publication EthicsPublication without borders: Ethical challenges in a globalized worldP15 Authorship: credit and responsibility, including issues in large and interdisciplinary studiesRosemary ShinkaiPartner Symposium JOrganized by CITI, the Cooperative Institutional Training InitiativeExperiences on research integrity educational programs in Colombia, Costa Rica and PeruP16 Experiences in PeruRoxana LescanoP17 Experiences in Costa RicaElizabeth HeitmanP18 Experiences in ColumbiaMaria Andrea Rocio del Pilar Contreras NietoPoster Session B: Education, training, promotion and policyPT.01 The missing role of journal editors in promoting responsible researchIbrahim Alorainy, Khalid Al-WazzanPT.02 Honorary authorship in Taiwan: why and who should be in charge?Chien Chou, Sophia Jui-An PanPT.03 Authorship and citation manipulation in academic researchEric Fong, Al WilhitePT.04 Open peer review of research submission at medical journals: experience at BMJ Open and The BMJTrish GrovesPT.05 Exercising authorship: claiming rewards, practicing integrityDésirée Motta-RothPT.07 Medical scientists' views on publication culture: a focus group studyJoeri Tijdink, Yvo SmuldersPoster Session B: Education, training, promotion and policyPT.09 Ethical challenges in post-graduate supervisionLaetus OK LateganPT.10 The effects of viable ethics instruction on international studentsMichael Mumford, Logan Steele, Logan Watts, James Johnson, Shane Connelly, Lee WilliamsPT.11 Does language reflect the quality of research?Gerben ter Riet, Sufia Amini, Lotty Hooft, Halil KilicogluPT.12 Integrity complaints as a strategic tool in policy decision conflictsJanneke van Seters, Herman Eijsackers, Fons Voragen, Akke van der Zijpp and Frans BromPoster Session C: Ethics and integrity intersectionsPT.14 Regulations of informed consent: university-supported research processes and pitfalls in implementationBadaruddin Abbasi, Naif Nasser AlmasoudPT.15 A review of equipoise as a requirement in clinical trialsAdri LabuschagnePT.16 The Research Ethics Library: online resource for research ethics educationJohanne Severinsen, Espen EnghPT.17 Research integrity: the view from King Abdulaziz City for Science and TechnologyDaham Ismail AlaniPT. 18 Meeting global challenges in high-impact publications and research integrity: the case of the Malaysian Palm Oil BoardHJ. Kamaruzaman JusoffPT.19 University faculty perceptions of research practices and misconductAnita Gordon, Helen C. HartonPoster Session D: International perspectivesPT.21 The Commission for Scientific Integrity as a response to research fraudDieter De Bruyn, Stefanie Van der BurghtPT. 22 Are notions of the responsible conduct of research associated with compliance with requirements for research on humans in different disciplinary traditions in Brazil?Karina de Albuquerque Rocha, Sonia Maria Ramos de VasconcelosPT.23 Creating an environment that promotes research integrity: an institutional model of Malawi Liverpool Welcome TrustLimbanazo MatandikaPT.24 How do science policies in Brazil influence user-engaged ecological research?Aline Carolina de Oliveira Machado Prata, Mark William NeffPoster Session E: Perspectives on misconductPT.26 What “causes” scientific misconduct?: Testing major hypotheses by comparing corrected and retracted papersDaniele Fanelli, Rodrigo Costas, Vincent LarivièrePT.27 Perception of academic plagiarism among dentistry studentsDouglas Leonardo Gomes Filho, Diego Oliveira GuedesPT. 28 a few bad apples?: Prevalence, patterns and attitudes towards scientific misconduct among doctoral students at a German university hospitalVolker Bähr, Niklas Keller, Markus Feufel, Nikolas OffenhauserPT. 29 Analysis of retraction notices published by BioMed CentralMaria K. Kowalczuk, Elizabeth C. MoylanPT.31 "He did it" doesn't work: data security, incidents and partnersKatie SpeanburgPoster Session F: Views from the disciplinesPT.32 Robust procedures: a key to generating quality results in drug discoveryMalini Dasgupta, Mariusz Lubomirski, Tom Lavrijssen, David Malwitz, David Gallacher, Anja GillisPT.33 Health promotion: criteria for the design and the integrity of a research projectMaria Betânia de Freitas Marques, Laressa Lima Amâncio, Raphaela Dias Fernandes, Oliveira Patrocínio, and Cláudia Maria Correia Borges RechPT.34 Integrity of academic work from the perspective of students graduating in pharmacy: a brief research studyMaria Betânia de Freitas Marques, Cláudia Maria Correia Borges Rech, Adriana Nascimento SousaPT.35 Research integrity promotion in the Epidemiology and Health Services, the journal of the Brazilian Unified Health SystemLeila Posenato GarciaPT.36 When are clinical trials registered? An analysis of prospective versus retrospective registration of clinical trials published in the BioMed Central series, UKStephanie Harriman, Jigisha PatelPT.37 Maximizing welfare while promoting innovation in drug developmentFarida LadaOther posters that will be displayed but not presented orally:PT.38 Geoethics and the debate on research integrity in geosciencesGiuseppe Di Capua, Silvia PeppoloniPT.39 Introducing the Professionalism and Integrity in Research Program James M. DuBois, John Chibnall, Jillon Van der WallPT.40 Validation of the professional decision-making in research measureJames M. DuBois, John Chibnall, Jillon Van der Wall, Raymond TaitPT.41 General guidelines for research ethicsJacob HolenPT. 42 A national forum for research ethicsAdele Flakke Johannessen, Torunn EllefsenPT.43 Evaluation of integrity in coursework: an approach from the perspective of the higher education professorClaudia Rech, Adriana Sousa, Maria Betânia de Freitas MarquesPT.44 Principles of geoethics and research integrity applied to the European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and Water Column Observatory, a large-scale European environmental research infrastructureSilvia Peppoloni, Giuseppe Di Capua, Laura BeranzoliF1 Focus track on improving research systems: the role of fundersPaulo S.L. Beirão, Susan ZimmermanF2 Focus track on improving research systems: the role of countriesSabine Kleinert, Ana MarusicF3 Focus track on improving research systems: the role of institutionsMelissa S. Anderson, Lex Bouter. (shrink)

The present text aims at commenting the doctoral thesis A recepção do pensamento de Nietzsche na obra literária de Dalcídio Jurandir - submitted by Oclécio das Chagas Lacerda at the School of Philosophy, Arts and Human Sciences of the Federal University of São Paulo (Unifesp) in 2022 - in light of two main themes developed by it: the “anthropophagic” interpretation of Nietzsche’s critique on Christian nihilism and the Amazon meaning derived from it.

The rapidly increasing number of cases of Zika virus and limited understanding of its congenital sequelae (e.g., microcephaly) led to stories of fear and uncertainty across social media and other mass communication networks. In this study, we used techniques generic to netnography, a form of ethnography, using Internet‐based computer‐mediated communications as a source of data to understand the experience and perceptions of families with infants diagnosed with Zika‐related microcephaly. We screened 27 YouTube™ videos published online between October 2015 and July (...) 2016, during which the Zika epidemic started, peaked, and declined. We identified three themes: (a) experiencing the news of a diagnosis of Zika‐associated microcephaly; (b) experiencing feelings and expectations of the ‘imperfect’ child; and (c) seeking to understand microcephaly to care for the child. We found that families experienced distressing feelings of shock, sadness, hopelessness, and pain, while dealing with emerging and sometimes conflicting information being transmitted by news outlets, uncertainty about the child's health, and healthcare providers’ lack of clarity to guide the family members. The ‘unknown’ factor of ZIKA was an additional stressful factor in the experience of the families. (shrink)

Fourty years ago, more than 190 Latin American bishops, attended by the newly elected Pope John Paul II, were gathered for the III General Conference of the Latin American Episcopate in Mexico, in Puebla de Los Angeles, between January 27th and February 13th, 1979. For Paul VI, The purpose of celebrating the 10th anniversary of Medellin was to translate his Apostolic Exhortation Evangelii Nuntiandi to Latin America: from “evangelization in the contemporary world” to “Latin America’s evangelization in the present and (...) in the future”. The context was very disturbed for social, economic, cultural and political reality, as well as for the religious situation. Military dictatorships, torture, death and disappearance of thousands of people, resistance guerrillas, the emergence of neoliberalism, the right and neo-pentecostalism, and the election of a pope who lived under communist persecution in Poland, this was the environment that affected the Conference. In this moment of four decades celebration of this important event, the purpose of the article is to make memory of the socio-political and ecclesial context, besides recovering out two themes that are associated with the authors research: youth and education. The method is defined as content and document analysis, so it is bibliographic in nature. The conclusions show how the dynamics of the context acted in the essay of the document. And, despite of this, it was possible to move forward in some jagged aspects - youth and education - which also presented their limitations. An important “preferential option for young people” was defined as one of the pastoral priorities, and education was defined as one of the means for communion and participation. (shrink)

Dados da tradução brasileira de HEGEL, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich. Linhas Fundamentais da Filosofia do Direito ou Direito Natural e Ciência do Estado em Compêndio. Tradução, notas, glossário e bibliografia de Paulo Meneses et alli. Apresentações de Denis Lerrer Rosenfield e de Paulo Roberto Konzen. São Paulo: Loyola; São Leopoldo: UNISINOS, 2010.

John Dewey adopted a child-centered point of view to illuminate aspects of education he believed teacher-centered educators were neglecting, but he did so self-consciously and self-critically, because he also believed that ‘a new order of conceptions leading to new modes of practice’ was needed. Dewey introduced his new conceptions in The Child and the Curriculum and later and more fully in Democracy and Education. Teachers at his Laboratory School in Chicago developed the new modes of practice. In this article, I (...) explore Dewey’s new conception of education and compare it with the apparently opposed views of R. S. Peters and Paulo Freire. In doing so, I show that, despite their criticisms of Dewey, whether explicit or implicit, these influential philosophers, representing quite different traditions in philosophy of education were in substantial agreement with him. I also show that, despite our own differences, as important as they are, seeing teachers and learners at work in a rapidly changing society, now on a global scale, in classrooms which are also changing, driven largely by new technologies, the conception of education Dewey, Peters, and Freire developed can provide us with the foundation we need to understand the changing teacher–learner relationship and the purposes their shared activities serve. (shrink)

Nietzsche was a severe critic of German Idealism, but what exactly is the relation between his thought and theirs? Papers from leading specialists in Kant, Hegel, Schelling, Schopenhauer, Kierkegaard and Nietzsche contribute to a clearer understanding of the differences and affinities between Nietzsche's philosophy and that of his predecessors.".

Background: Moral sensitivity has been identified as a foundational component of ethical action. Diminished or absent moral sensitivity can result in deficient care. In this context, assessing moral sensitivity is imperative for designing interventions to facilitate ethical practice and ensure that nurses make appropriate decisions. Objective: The main purpose of this study was to validate a scale for examining the moral sensitivity of Brazilian nurses. Research design: A pre-existing scale, the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire, which was developed by Lützén, was used (...) after the deletion of three items. The reliability and validity of the scale were examined using Cronbach’s alpha and factor analysis, respectively. Participants and research context: Overall, 316 nurses from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, participated in the study. Ethical considerations: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Research of the Nursing School of the University of São Paulo. Findings: The Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire contained 27 items that were distributed across four dimensions: interpersonal orientation, professional knowledge, moral conflict and moral meaning. The questionnaire accounted for 55.8% of the total variance, with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.82. The mean score for moral sensitivity was 4.45 (out of 7). Discussion and conclusion: The results of this study were compared with studies from other countries to examine the structure and implications of the moral sensitivity of nurses in Brazil. The Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire is an appropriate tool for examining the moral sensitivity of Brazilian nurses. (shrink)

O artigo procura responder a um dos grandes desafios teológicos da atualidade: o diálogo inter-religioso. Trabalha a dimensão da práxis do diálogo, especialmente, no pensamento de Leonardo Boff, identificado a partir de 1992 em um novo paradigma - o paradigma ecológico. A dialogação (como práxis dialogal) é pensada num grande encontro teoantropocósmico, articulando Deus, Ser humano e Natureza. Três momentos compõem essa práxis dialógica: dialogação mística ou espiritual; dialogação fraterna; e a ética da vida. Não são três momentos separados. Articulam-se (...) e estão interconectados. Começam e terminam com a mística, expressam-se no estarcom-o-outro, na fraternidade e nos critérios de pensar e agir eticamente. Palavras-chave: Diálogo inter-religioso; Práxis; Mística; Fraternidade; Ecologia; Ética. ABSTRACT This paper aims at responding to one of the great theological challenges at present: inter-religions dialogue. It focuses on the dimension of the praxis of dialogue, especially on Leonardo Boff´s thought, identified as of 1992 according to a new paradigm - the ecological one. Dialogue as praxis is taken into account within the scope of a wide Theo-anthropo-cosmic encounter, articulating God, the Human Being and Nature. Such dialogical praxis comprises three moments: mystical or spiritual dialogue; fraternal dialogue; and the ethics of life. Those are not three separate moments: they are articulated and interconnected. They start and end with mystics, and they express themselves in being-with-the-other in fraternity and in the criteria for ethical thought and action. Key words: Inter-religions dialogue; Praxis; Mystics; raternity; Ecology; Ethics. (shrink)

Resumo O objetivo central deste texto é mapear a influência da sociologia weberiana na produção intelectual sobre o fenômeno religioso no Brasil. Mais especificamente, buscaremos compreender de que forma a prédica weberiana que estabelece a "afinidade" do protestantismo pietista com o "desencantamento" das imagens religiosas do mundo e a modernidade capitalista foi apropriada pela Sociologia da Religião, na tentativa de compreender o crescimento do pentecostalismo no Brasil. Assim, rastrearemos a produção sociológica, buscando estabelecer um paralelo entre as representações da sociedade (...) e da cultura brasileiras presentes na forma como os pesquisadores recortam e analisam o fenômeno pentecostal. Concentraremos nossas atenções nos trabalhos que seguem a linha teórica traçada por Cândido Procópio de Camargo, que podemos expressar esquematicamente da seguinte forma: conversão, ruptura com o passado tradicional (aqui representada pela pertença impensada a uma religião - catolicismo), desencantamento das crenças, que levaria à individuação e à ação racional e, finalmente, a modernização da sociedade brasileira. Vemos, portanto, que a reflexão procopiana e a de seus seguidores insere-se em um quadro intelectual mais amplo, que remonta à década de 1930, preocupado com as razões do atraso brasileiro e suas possibilidades de superação. Palavras-chave: Max Weber; Pentecostalismo; Desencantamento; Secularização; Modernização.The main purpose of this text is to map the influence of Weberian sociology on the intellectual production of the religious phenomenon in Brazil. Specifically, it endeavors to understand how the Weberian proposition, which establishes the "affinity" of pietist Protestantism with the "disenchantment" of religious images in the capitalist world and modernity, was appropriated by the Sociology of Religion in an attempt to understand the growth of Pentecostalism in Brazil. Thus, we review the sociological production, seeking to establish a parallel between representations of Brazilian society and culture evident in the way researchers consider and analyze the Pentecostal phenomenon. We focus our attention on the works that follow Cândido Procópio de Camargo's theory, which can be expressed schematically as: conversion, breaking with the traditional past (represented here by belonging thoughtlessly to a religion - Catholicism); disenchantment of beliefs, which would lead to individuation and rational action; and, finally, the modernization of Brazilian society. The conclusion points out that Camargo's thought and that of his followers are inserted into a broader intellectual framework, which dates back to the 1930s and is concerned with the reasons behind Brazilian underdevelopment and the chances of overcoming it. Key words: Max Weber; Pentecostalism; Disenchantment; Secularization; Modernization. (shrink)

Starting from our attention to the systematic divisions of the KrV, we address the chapter III of Analytic of principles and its theses on the transgression of reason and the negative expansion. Our proposal is to show the specificity of the concept of noumenon in relation to the other categories of understanding without neglecting its place within Transcendental Analytic. The peculiarity of this concept expresses in a privileged way the relation of critique to the limits of knowledge, since noumenon is (...) a representation that is excluded from the possibility of intuition, but is included in the analysis of knowledge. We therefore intend to shed light on the arguments that, on the one hand, limit knowledge and, on the other hand, allow thought a way to go beyond experience. Thus, in the analysis activity that detaches itself from specific interests in favour of an impartial investigation, the critic’s position can embrace the inside and the outside of the delimitation of knowledge. (shrink)

Este livro traz cinco falas inéditas de Freire, tornado possível graças às organizadoras da obra, professoras Ana Maria Araújo Freire e Marília Pinheiro Machado de Souza, com a publicação por intermédio da coedição entre as editoras Arte & Letra e PUCPRESS. São palestras nas quais Freire, com enérgica amorosidade, faladas do Nordeste ao Sul do Brasil, em tempos diferentes, chama a atenção de educadores e educadoras, para o 'dever de optar pela reinvenção do mundo e não pela repetição do que (...) aí está. Portanto, uma opção libertadora e não uma opção reacionária', conclamando para "esperançar o sonho possível e encarnar a utopia da amorosidade". Lembrando constantemente que 'há uma natureza política na ação educativa, como há uma natureza educativa na ação política', ele alerta para o fato que 'é impossível existir sem sonho. A vida na realidade me ensinou como grande lição que é impossível assumi-la sem risco'"--Cover page 4. (shrink)

Philosophers have long debated whether, if determinism is true, we should hold people morally responsible for their actions since in a deterministic universe, people are arguably not the ultimate source of their actions nor could they have done otherwise if initial conditions and the laws of nature are held fixed. To reveal how non-philosophers ordinarily reason about the conditions for free will, we conducted a cross-cultural and cross-linguistic survey (N = 5,268) spanning twenty countries and sixteen languages. Overall, participants tended (...) to ascribe moral responsibility whether the perpetrator lacked sourcehood or alternate possibilities. However, for American, European, and Middle Eastern participants, being the ultimate source of one’s actions promoted perceptions of free will and control as well as ascriptions of blame and punishment. By contrast, being the source of one’s actions was not particularly salient to Asian participants. Finally, across cultures, participants exhibiting greater cognitive reflection were more likely to view free will as incompatible with causal determinism. We discuss these findings in light of documented cultural differences in the tendency toward dispositional versus situational attributions. (shrink)

The article is situated in the area of inter-religious dialogue, one of the great paradigms of actual theology. After Vatican Council II, which treated about the salvation of non Christians and of the members of other religions, theology deepened this theme and appeared several proposals for an inter-religious dialogue. For theologians it imposed the challenge of joining the constructive necessity of Jesus Christ for the salvation of all and the place of other religious traditions in God’s salvation plan. The proposal (...) of the French Catholic theologian, Christian Duquoc, which he called postponed symphony, arouses attention to its singularity in affirming the positive side of the divisions and fragments. His approach is situated within the Catholic Theology that emerged after Vatican II, in which there are several prospects for interreligious dialogue. His theology emphasizes the role of the Holy Spirit in building the possible unity in diversity of fragments. The present article evaluates the theological importance of the French theologian’s proposal in favor of inter-religious dialogue. (shrink)

RESUMO: A presente investigação questiona a essência teo-lógica dos futuros contingentes. Para o efeito, analisa-se, primeiramente, a argumentação segundo a qual, sob certas condições lógicas, teológicas, ontológicas e cosmológicas antinecessitantes, detetadas por G. W. Leibniz, a abertura contingente do futuro parece ser compatível com o regime das "verdades contingentes pré-determinadas", regime enquadrado teologicamente pelo princípio do "futuro melhor" ou do "único futuro verdadeiro". No entanto, os futuros contingentes incitam, com e contra Aristóteles, ao desenvolvimento de uma lógica temporal e plurivalente, (...) ao modo de J. Łukasiewicz ou A. Prior. Essa lógica garante a abertura do futuro sem o oneroso custo metafísico da adesão a uma teo-lógica omnideterminante. A crítica do determinismo lógico, daí resultante, afigura-se mais coadunável com as condições pós-metafísicas inerentes à episteme agnósticacontemporânea, mas, nesse caso, a abertura do futuro implicaria uma profunda redefinição das próprias ideias e funções de "Deus", "matéria", "história" e "verdade". ABSTRACT: This paper investigates the theological essence of contingent futures. First, it analyses the argument according to which, under certain logical, theological, ontological, and cosmological conditions detected by Leibniz, the contingent openness of the future may be compatible with the regime of "pre- determined contingent truths", theologically grounded in the principle of an "optimal future" or a "single true future". However, the examination of contingent futures has also fostered, both for and against Aristotle's position, the development of a many-valued and temporal logic as proposed by J. Łukasiewicz or A. Prior. This logic safeguards the openness of future without the metaphysically expensive cost of adhering to an all-determining theo-logic. It hence follows that the critique of logical determinism seems to be more appropriate to express the post-metaphysical conditions of our present agnostic mentality. In this case, however, the openness of the future would entail a profound redefinition of the very ideas and functions of "God", "matter", "history", and "truth". (shrink)

Neste texto, procuro encontrar as origens de um dos mais importantes conceitos de Gilles Deleuze, o conceito de Imagem-tempo. Este conceito remete-nos para os primeiros textos de Deleuze dedicados à filosofia de Espinosa e ao problema do autómato espiritual e relaciona-se directamente com o problema da passividade/actividade do espectador. Ou seja, o conceito crucial na sua filosofia do cinema, a Imagem-tempo, esconde uma importante reflexão sobre a Imagem cinematográfica como arte de massas, os (im)poderes do pensamento e o modo fascista (...) de se pensar. This text seeks to find the origins of one of the most important of Gilles Deleuze's concepts, the concept of Time-image. This concept leads us to his first texts regarding Spinoza's philosophy and the problem of the spiritual automaton, and concerns directly with the problem of passivity/activity of the film goer. That is to say that the crucial concept of his film philosophy, Time-image, hides a fundamental consideration on the cinematic image as a mass art, the (un)powers of thinking and the fascist way of thought. (shrink)

RESUMO -/- Faz-se uma comparação entre as abordagens de Hume e de Matias Aires no que concerne à vaidade e seus efeitos sobre a vida humana. O propósito é divulgar as idéias do filósofo brasileiro Matias Aires e revelar o que poderia ser uma falha importante na explicação filosófica humiana da experiência religiosa. -/- ABSTRACT -/- A comparison is made between Hume's and Matias Aires' approaches concerning vanity and its effects on human life. The purpose is to divulge the ideas (...) of the Brazilian philosopher Matias Aires and to reveal what might be an important flaw in the Humean philosophical account of religious experience. (shrink)

The chief aim of this paper is to present some essential elements of the interpretation to the Proslogion carried out by Karl Bathr in his book S. Anselme, Fides Quaerens Intellectum. La preuve de l'existence de Dieu . Taking Anselm's "theological programme" as a point of departure, Barth indentifíes the central lines for the reading of the chapters 2-4 of the Proslogion. We shall attempt to point out both the signifícance and the achievement of that interpretation as a contribution to (...) the historiografy of the anselmian thought.O objetivo principal deste texto é apresentai alguns elementos essenciais da interpretação do Proslogion feita por Karl Barth em seu livro S. Anselme, Fides Quaerens Intellectum. La preuve de l'existence de Dieu . Com Base no "programa teológico" de Anselmo, Barth identifica as linhas fundamentais para a leitura dos capítulos 2 a 4 do Pioslogion. Tentaremos mostrar a significação e o alcance dessa interpretação para a historiografia do pensamento anselmiano. (shrink)

In this paper, I propose to draw two considerations regarding the ontological notion of the brute being, present in Maurice Merleau-Ponty's late philosophy: (i) that the aforementioned notion can be understood according to the irreducibility of Being to our linguistic instruments and, in this sense, consists of a being-Other that, in a raw and permanently wild state, never allows itself to be enclosed in the domain of the word; (ii) assuming that the "ultimate support of all things" ineluctably becomes the (...) otherness of that which is phenomenally manifested to us, leaving only an indirect access to the Absolute considered in a non-substantial way, we suggest the inference that such allusive access cannot be restricted to the verbal regime, given that any path that directs us in this direction of ontogenesis always lacks preeminence and, for this very reason, it becomes incoherent to presuppose and agree with a privilege of the word. We assert, then, that the non-verbal expressive routes must be able to lead (each in its own way) to a certain contact with the Other-being. We will try to situate the interpretations of some specialists in Merleau-Ponty's philosophy on this point, as well as to briefly introduce a possible framing of this philosophy according to Michel Foucault's analysis of modern discourses, with the intention of offering an alternative to the interpretation of the notion of brute being as one more figure of the thought of the Same, thus reaffirming the radical alterity of the being-Other that foreshadows, we believe, our author's late ontology. (shrink)

In view of Alexander of Aphrodisias’s and Porphyry’s respective positions on the issue, I discuss whether logos apophantikos is to be defined, as DI 4 seems to imply, by its being true or false or rather, as DI 5 seems to imply, by its representing the ontological combination/separation of substrate and attribute through the logical combination/separation of subject and predicate.

O móbil do presente artigo é dado a partir do subponto 52 da obra Justice as Fairness: A Restatement de John Rawls – “Addressing Marx’s Critique of Liberalism” –, mais precisamente quanto à objeção que o autor destaca de Karl Marx em relação à “divisão do trabalho” sob o capitalismo. Rawls considera que tal “divisão”, pelo menos da maneira como foi apontada por Marx, seria “superada” no âmbito dos princípios de justiça. Assim, através da Kritik des Gothaer Programms e de (...) uma famosa Lettre de Marx, procuramos uma confrontação com as considerações avançadas por Rawls. (shrink)

O presente artigo propõe-se discutir, sob a ótica da comunicação, em interface com o afeto, as novas narrativas da parentalidade contemporânea no Brasil. O estudo analisa 21 artigos sobre a temática do amor parental, escritos por Iaconelli no veículo de comunicação e publicados entre os anos 2020 e 2021. Para isso, fizemos uma breve contextualização sobre os conceitos de amor na filosofia, relacionamos as características da contemporaneidade com os atuais desafios das relações sociais, sobretudo o amor parental, e pudemos, então, (...) partir para a visão da psicanalista Vera Iaconelli sobre o tema em sua coluna semanal na Folha de S. Paulo, depreendendo disso possíveis novas narrativas sobre o amor parental. A discussão foi possível a partir da técnica de análise de conteúdo e algumas de nossas conclusões recaem sobre o fato de que vemos as novas configurações afetivas demandarem mais igualdade de direitos entre pais e mães e exigirem a validação de novos arranjos familiares, relacionados à promoção de uma sociedade mais justa, diversa, inclusiva e solidária. (shrink)

O presente artigo objetiva refletir sobre os impactos da globalização econômica na cultura contemporânea. O processo acelerado de transformação da cultura e das relações sociais distingue-se de outros processos de mudança estrutural porque as mudanças no campo da economia desde a década de 1980 provocaram uma grave crise cultural. O que mais caracteriza os novos tempos é a expansão do mercado que se torna omniabrangente e omnipresente, transformando as relações humanas em relações de mercado. Globalização neoliberal e a expansão do (...) mercado se articulam e isso gera profunda crise da cultura. A racionalização produzida pela modernidade reduziu o ser humano e a natureza aos interesses produtivos. A crise na primeira modernidade faz emergir outra redução: a razão substituida pela sensação. Daí caminha-se para um radical individualismo, até ao indiferentismo e a recusa de se buscar um sentido ou significado para a experiência e a vida humana. Essa realidade oferece riscos para o Cristianismo e as religiões. Elas podem ceder à tentação do mercado, à satisfação do desejo, do gozo superegóico, com dupla conseqüência: ou oferecendo uma religião de consumo e da prosperidade econômica, ou o fundamentalismo que leva os fiéis à renunciarem à sua autonomia e se submeterem às lideranças religiosas da “Ordem Simbólica”. Na conclusão o artigo apresenta as mais recentes críticas do cristianismo a essa realidade, retomando o pensamento de João XXIII, Paulo VI e João Paulo II. Palavras-chave : Cristianismo; Globalização; Economia; Cultura Contemporânea, Ensino Social da IgrejaThis article aims to reflect on the impacts of globalization economy in contemporary culture. The accelerated transformation of culture and of social relations differs from other processes of structural changes because change in the field of economy have caused serious cultural crisis since the 1980s. What best characterizes the new era is the expansion of market that has increasingly been “all embracing” and “omnipresent”, thus transforming human relations in market relations. Neoliberal globalization and the expansion of market articulate themselves thus producing a deep crisis of culture. Rationalization produced by modernity has reduced human being and nature to productive interests. Crisis in early modernity brings out another reduction: the one of reason replaced by sensation. In this way one can say that it has emerged a radical individualism and even a kind of indifferentism as well as the refusal to look for a sense or a meaning to the experience and human life. This reality presents some risks to Christianity and religions. They may succumb to the temptation of the market, satisfaction of desire and hiper egoic enjoyment, with double consequence: or by offering a religion based on consumerism and on economic prosperity, or by offering a fundamentalistic perspective that leads believers to renounce their autonomy and submit themselves to the religious leaders of the "Symbolic Order ". This articles ends up by presenting the most recent criticism of Christianity to this reality, returning to the thought of the popes John XXIII, Paul VI and John Paul II.] Key words : Christianity; Globalizing; Economics; Contemporary culture, Church’s Social Teaching. (shrink)

Logics for generally were introduced for handling assertions with vague notions,such as generally, most, several, etc., by generalized quantifiers, ultrafilter logic being an interesting case. Here, we show that ultrafilter logic can be faithfully embedded into a first-order theory of certain functions, called coherent. We also use generic functions (akin to Skolem functions) to enable elimination of the generalized quantifier. These devices permit using methods for classical first-order logic to reason about consequence in ultrafilter logic.

We compare fork arrow logic, an extension of arrow logic, and its natural first-order counterpart (the correspondence language) and show that both have the same expressive power. Arrow logic is a modal logic for reasoning about arrow structures, its expressive power is limited to a bounded fragment of first-order logic. Fork arrow logic is obtained by adding to arrow logic the fork modality (related to parallelism and synchronization). As a result, fork arrow logic attains the expressive power of its first-order (...) correspondence language, so both can express the same input–output behavior of processes. (shrink)

This essay seeks to provide a detailed analysis of chapter 12 of Peter Singer’s Practical Ethics. Fundamental chapter not only for understanding the author’s ethical and moral thought, but also for understanding the author’s cultural and civilizational thought. It is in this sense that the question posed in the title - why act morally - is not limited to the horizon of the redundant discussion of personal interest or educational factors but becomes the philosophical-ethical exercise of inquiry into human action (...) in the world, and therefore, It is a question that is rooted within ethics itself (as the author states), that is, as the foundation of human action. The essay ends with a reflection on the validity of the author’s ethical thinking in this specific chapter and some considerations on the philosopher’s general ethical thought. (shrink)

In this volume, we have chosen to highlight the importance of education to human rights by reprinting two articles written by Paulo Freire in 1970 for the _Harvard Educational Review_. These articles contain many of Freire's original ideas on human rights and education—issues that are central to his work. Freire was a pioneer in promoting the universal right to education and literacy as part of a commitment to people's struggle against oppression. As Jerome Bruner recognized after Freire's death in (...) May 1997, Freire left as a legacy his commitment to basic human rights: "He was a brave man as well as a far-sighted one. He made us aware of our mindless cruelties, and now the challenge to all of us is to do something about those cruelties.". (shrink)

reflective, a paradigm for her way of defining the political judgment. Obviously, this appropriation without compunction induces much criticism among the readers of Kant given the fact that Arendt overlooks all the assumptions of Kantian transcendental idealism to reach the reflective aesthetic judgments as a paradigm of political thinking. She invites us to reflect on the reasons which led her to disregard the Kant’s ethical work as a reference to her political theory and, even more intriguing, what could allow Arendt (...) to make such a cut and to seek a political philosophy in such a unusual work. Thus, the reflective judgment is the theoretical fragment used by her in order to regain our ability to understand, because this is our true political faculty which allows the building of action criteria based on communication between men. (shrink)